Features a discussion of the synthesis of the new, high-value synthetic dyes and pigments and their applications and performance Includes coverage of new photosensitizers and their role in the development of dye sensitized solar cells DSCs Covers synthesis of the functional dyes that are ideal for applications in the dye and pigment industry, textiles, color science, solar energy materials and solar cells, biomedical sensors, advanced materials, structure and synthesis of materials, and more.
Book Summary: The need for adequate means by which to improve urine output is very old. Even in the "Scuola Salernitana", the oldest medieval medical school in Western Europe, about years ago it was taught how to improve urine output. The list of known "diuretica" included herbs, plants, roots, vegetables, in particular asparagus, fennel and carrot. The first diuretic drugs, however, were mercurial compounds. Thus, calomel, mercurous chloride, was initially used as a diuretic in the sixteenth century by Paracelsus, being one of the ingredients of the so-called "Guy's Hospital pill".
But calomel had a cathartic effect so that it was replaced by organic mercurial compounds. These diuretics were clearly toxic.
After the discovery of the car bonic anhydrase, in the early s, and the introduction of sulfanilamide as a chemotherapeutic agent, it was observed that this drug was inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in vitro and urinary acidification in vivo thereby causing metabolic acidosis; urine output, however, appeared to increase.
Subsequent studies led to the synthesis of more potent analogs, in particular acetazolamide. Studies on car bonic anhydrase inhibitors led to the synthesis of benzothiadiazides which disclosed much less inactivating action on carbonic anhydrase and much more diuretic effect through an inhibition of tubular transport of sodium and chloride.
Chlorothiazide was the first member of this class of diuretics. Thiazides are still used in clinical practice. Book Summary: Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume IV, discusses the application of physical methods to organic chemistry, and in particular to heterocyclic chemistry.
Since the publication in of the first two volumes of this treatise, the application of physical methods to organic chemistry, and in particular to heterocyclic chemistry, has proceeded apace.
The importance of physical methods to structure determination and to the understanding of inter- and intramolecular interactions has increased no less than the flood of new work. Heterocyclic chemists are thus faced with the necessity of having more to comprehend for the efficient execution of their own work. The present volume includes chapters on electric dipole moments and heteroaromatic reactivity, which originally appeared in Volume I, and chapters on nuclear quadrupole resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infrared spectra, which originally formed part of Volume II.
Also included is one new topic: dielectric absorption. Book Summary: Adverse Events and Oncotargeted Kinase Inhibitors gathers and evaluates data on adverse events associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors TKIs , a powerful anti-tumor drug class that has recently been introduced for human therapy.
This book compiles a comprehensive safety profile of each TKI from experiences in official therapeutic indications, also exploring off-label exploratory investigations and postmarketing pharmaceutical surveillance databases.
Early chapters focus on general characteristics of TKIs, typology, and classification of adverse events, while the final chapters analyze TKIs as AE inducers and classes of AEs by system or organ involvement.
This comprehensive resource compiles and critically reviews all of the relevant safety data for this class of drugs, with the goal of improving the understanding of pathogenesis and facilitating the prevention, monitoring, and management of these adverse events. Offers a unique and comprehensive publication on the adverse events associated with a new and fast-growing class of medicines Provides a systematic analysis of adverse events aimed at better prevention through understanding and offering insights for the development of safer drugs Uses practical guidelines to establish a leading reference on this class of drugs for educators, researchers, drug developers, clinicians, safety professionals, and more.
Book Summary: Microwaves in Organic Synthesis provides an in-depth overview in the area of organic and pharmaceutical chemistry of the microwave technology in separation, purification and extraction of medicinal, biological, and organic compounds. This book methodically explores the application of microwaves in all types of organic synthesis.
It includes stereoselectivity, regioselectivity, oxidation, reduction, protection, deprotection, addition, condensation, coupling, C-X bond formation, named reactions, heterocyclic, biological drugs, fluoro-organics and polymers. After a brief introduction discusses the main parameters which influence the process, and the limitations and advantages of the practical use of microwave in organic synthesis.
Outlines microwave technology for green organic synthesis Includes a description of the significant factors and challenges of the microwave-assisted green organic synthesis Outlines the eco-friendly microwave based chemical processes and their applications in organic reactions, polymer synthesis, biofuel production, etc.
Gives detail account of the numerous real industrial applications such as polymers, pharmaceutical, fluoroorganics, biofuel, carbon, etc. Discusses recent advances in microwave technology in organic chemistry.
Book Summary: Antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone of treatment of ischemic cardiovascular disease and over the last few years spectacular advancements in this field have been recorded.
This is the first comprehensive handbook entirely dedicated to all the aspects of antiplatelet therapy. The book is divided into three main sections, pathophysiology, pharmacology and therapy, for a total of 23 chapters. A large group of leading experts from different European countries and from the USA, both from academia and industry, have contributed to the book.
Besides a detailed overview on the pharmacology and clinical applications of all the currently used or of the novel antiplatelet agents, innovative approaches e. The book is oriented to both basic investigators and to clinicians involved with research on platelet inhibition or with the clinical use of antiplatelet therapies.
Book Summary: Principles of Plant Biochemistry focuses on the methodologies, approaches, and techniques employed in plant biochemistry, including analysis of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and metabolism. The publication first takes a look at proteins and carbohydrates. Discussions focus on general properties and structure of proteins, amino acid composition of proteins and properties of the protein molecule, isolation of proteins and the establishment of their homogeneity, monosaccharides, polysaccharides, and steroids.
The text then elaborates on vitamins and secondary plant compounds, including aliphatic organic acids, glycosides, tannins, essential oils and resins, herbicides, antibiotics, and phytonicides. The manuscript examines enzymes and the role of metabolism in living organisms, as well as general properties and classification of enzymes and oxidases. The book then ponders on photosynthesis and chemosynthesis, interconversion of carbohydrates, and fermentation and respiration.
The inter-relationship of metabolic processes and amino acid and protein metabolism are also discussed. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in plant biochemistry. Book Summary: Microwaves in Chemistry Applications: Fundamentals, Methods and Future Trends offers a number of benefits over conventional heating technologies, including acceleration of reaction rates, milder reaction conditions, higher chemical yields, lower energy usage and different reaction selectivity, all of which can improve the sustainability of processes.
The book provides valuable insights into the underlying chemistry at play in microwave-assisted processes, introducing fundamental concepts, discussing the modeling of reactions in such processes, and also highlighting a range of key methods and applications of microwaves in chemistry for improved sustainability. The mixtures of thiourea and acetophenone were treated with various oxidizing gents as sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, thionyl chloride, sulfur monochloride, sulfur trioxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and sulfur.
In each case a large amount of 2-aminophenylthiazole 2. Synthesis of thiazole derivatives using oxidizing agents. Thiazole and its derivatives are among the most active classes of compounds that are known for their broad spectrum of activity, e. Some drugs that already are on the market including the recent entry dasatinib possess thiazoles nucleus [ 66 ]. Compounds containing thiazole have marked their presence in a number of clinically available anticancer drugs such as tiazofurin [ 67 ], dasatinib [ 68 ], dabrafenib [ 69 ], patellamide A [ 70 ], ixabepilone [ 71 ], and epothilone [ 72 ].
Ramla et al. Structure of compound 3. Popsavin et al. A series of 5-arylidene derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activity.
In another approach towards triple-negative breast cancer, Zhou et al. Several of these compounds also exhibited potent activities against tumor cell colony [ 76 ] Figure A series of 2- 4-benzoyl-phenoxy -N- 4-phenyl-thiazolyl -acetamides were synthesized by Prashanth et al.
The authors suggest that the effect of compound 3. Dae-Kee K et al. This series is evaluated for its ALK5 inhibitory activity [ 78 , 79 ] Figure A series of 2,4-disubstituted thiazole compounds containing N -n-butyl or N -cyclohexyl thioureido synthon at position 2 and N-substituted thiosemicarbazone moiety 3. All of the established derivatives revealed antineoplastic activity [ 80 ] Figure Santos et al.
El-Borai et al. All the synthesized compounds displayed more anticancer activity towards the selected cell line cancer, suggesting that it might be a potential alternative agent for human hepatic cancer therapy [ 82 ] Figure Fungal and bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs is increasing rapidly due to nonselective antimicrobial activities and a limited number of drugs.
To overcome this situation, several molecules containing thiazole are synthesized to treat bacterial and fungal infections [ 83 , 84 ]. Structure of compounds 3.
Vicini et al. Compound 3. A series of thiazolyl thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized by Dundar et al. These compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against methicillin-resistant S.
All the compounds particularly 3. Abdel-Wahab et al. Zubarovskii and M. Google Scholar. Brooks, M. Markarian, and M. Nassewski, US patent no. Shono and R. Oda, J. Japan, Ind. Kiprianov and A. Il'chenko, ZhOKh, 33, , Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative.
Skip to main content. Search SpringerLink Search. Abstract By condensing aldehydes of the benzothiazole series with dimethylaniline, leuco-bases of dyes of the type of Malachite Green have been synthesized. Literature cited 1. Google Scholar 3. Knott, J. Google Scholar 5.
Google Scholar Download references. Khodot Authors V.
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